The data were collected for the publication: "Does leaving crop residues in the field lead to greater frost damage in wheat and barley under conservation agriculture?" The dataset contains data from three experiments conducted to evaluate if leaving more residue in the field is associated with higher levels of frost damage. Farmers in the Bajio had indicated that leaving more crop residue in the field when sowing barley in permanent raised beds is associated with higher frost damage, which is an occasional problem in the region. To evaluate whether this is really the case frost damage was evaluated in a 1) a 2 year on farm experiment in San Juan del Rio, Queretaro, Mexico where barley was sown with different levels of residue retention, 2) An experiment with different types of tillage and levels of residue on the Sanjaya Rajaram station in Metepec, Mexico state, Mexico, where due to the high elevation frost damage was guaranteed to occur and 3) An comparison of yield in side by side comparison of conservation agriculture and conventional agriculture grown during the winter season across Mexico to assess whether conservation agriculture is associated with lower yields which could be indicative of a real problem.
Six seed treatments were tested for 2 growing cycles (summer of 2021 and 2022) in a field experiment with maize (Zea mays L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under conservation agriculture in the Mexican highlands, at CIMMYT’s experiment station of El Batán Texcoco, the State of Mexico, Mexico. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates, with separate areas for maize and barley. The six seed treatments included a negative control, a chemical seed treatment (different for maize and barley, depending on common practices in the area), Trichoderma, Metarhizium, a commercial mixture of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, and a combination of Trichoderma and Metarhizium. Soil and root samples were taken at two and three sampling times during the 2021 crop cycle for barley and maize, respectively. Yield and yield components were determined at the end of the crop cycle in 2021 and 2022. The soil and root samples were used to measure root growth (root biomass per core), root colonization with mycorrhizal fungi, root infection with pathogens (Polymyxa, Pythium, Microdochium), soil microbial communities in terms of biomarker fatty acids, and ecological guilds of soil nematodes (Bacterivores, fungivores, plant parasitic and predators).
Different varieties of barley (4 varieties), triticale (4 varieties) and wheat (8 varieties) where evaluated under irrigation conditions in Valle del Mezquital, Hidalgo, México, during 2016 and 2017.
We investigated the effect of bed width on grain yield under irrigated and rainfed conditions, for crops grown on permanent beds, where the top of the raised beds is not tilled. The study included nine sites in Central Mexico, where wide and narrow permanent beds were compared at the same site for at least three consecutive crop cycles. Six trials were selected under rainfed conditions in the states of Queretaro, Guanajuato, Michoacan, and State of Mexico, and three more with irrigation, which were located in Guanajuato and Queretaro. The data were collected in different periods, from 2007 to 2019. The database contains yield data for maize (Zea mays L.), wheat (Trititcum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) planted on wide and narrow permanent beds.