CIMMYT Ethiopia
Developing crop and resource management practices for sustainable future cereal based cropping systems
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1 resource
Published 18 Sep 2017
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Agricultural data for Ethiopia, gathered from research institutes and government sources into one searchable catalogue.
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CIMMYT Ethiopia
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CIMMYT Ethiopia
Maize crop cut data from farmer's field collected at Odisha plateau ecology.
CIMMYT Ethiopia
Under CSISA Phase II, Nutrient Omission Plot Technique (NOPT) trials were conducted in eight districts of Bihar, ten districts of Uttar Pradesh and ten districts of Odisha. Partner institutions include Bihar Agriculture University (BAU), Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT), Central Rice Research Institute (CRRI), Odisha.
CIMMYT Ethiopia
The purpose of the study was (1) to assess the performance of ZT wheat as compared to conventional-tillage wheat in farmers' fields in six CSISA target districts in Bihar; (2) to assess farmers’ resource endowment, risk exposure, risk preferences, and risk management practices; (3) based on (2), to identify influencing factors of farmers' awareness and adoption of ZT in wheat, including social network effects.
CIMMYT Ethiopia
The purpose of the study was (1) to assess the economic viability of custom-hire service for ZT in CSISA's target districts in Bihar, the development of ZT service provision businesses over time, and constraints to further business expansion; (2) to assess service providers’ resource endowment, risk exposure, risk preferences, and risk management practices; (3) based on (2), to identify influencing factors of engaging in ZT service provision, including influencing factors of th e scale of the service business operation.
CIMMYT Ethiopia
The Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia (CSISA) was launched in 2009 with support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) . CSISA's objective is to develop and deploy more efficient, productive and sustainable technologies for the diverse rice-wheat production systems of the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) that ultimately improve food supply and improve the livelihoods of the poor in the region. The CSISA Baseline Household Survey was conducted in late 2010 and early 2011 across eight of the hub domains in which CSISA was operating during its initial phase. The household survey was designed to inform CSISA management as well as to establish a priori conditions (farming practices, farmer livelihoods, etc.) against which the social, economic and livelihood impacts of CSISA will be evaluated. Pursuant to these objectives, a structured questionnaire was developed in a joint effort of socio-economists from different centers of the CGIAR, as well as agronomists and hub managers. In all, the baseline household survey collected data on 2,567 households across the CSISA hub domains of Haryana , Punjab , eastern Uttar Pradesh , Bihar and Tamil Nadu in India; Dinajpur and Gazipur in Bangladesh; and the Terai region of central Nepal. Analysis of the baseline data finds that: The CSISA coverage area is highly diverse in terms of climatological and agro-ecological conditions, cropping patterns, livestock management, land holdings, production practices, yie lds and other variables. This reinforces the initiative’s site- and context-specific approach to effecting change, but complicates the evaluation of impact across the entire coverage area. CSISA targeting is generally reflective of the surrounding population in the hub domain. However, evidence of more explicit targeting (e.g., of women-headed households or other vulnerable groups) was found only in the Gazipur hub. Whereas findings suggest that labor-saving technological change may be a priority in the northwestern hubs (Punjab, Haryana), productivity-enhancing technological change that intensifies production on small landholdings may be a priority for most othe r hubs. Poverty and inequality measures indicate significant levels of vulnerability in the Nepal Terai, Bangladesh, eastern UP and Bihar. This may indicate a need for some re-prioritization of CSISA work in favor of Nepal, provided that CSISA’s technologies and approaches are appropriate to its needs. The role of women in agriculture varies widely across the CSISA hub domains, and is determined largely by social status and social constructs. In general, women provide vital inp uts into agricultural production, both in terms of labor as well as decision-making. The complexities of these issues suggest the need for more rigorous analysis regarding gender gaps in access to technical knowledge and information, inequalities in participation in key decision-making processes, as well as the impacts of the RCTs that are being promoted under CSISA. This may necessitate the collection of gender-disaggregated data for constraints analysis, technology prioritization among different household types and careful consideration in the design, implementation and evaluation of impact assessments. Familiarity with RCTs is most limited in Bihar and other eastern hub domains, suggesting the obvious potential for expanding CSISA activities in these areas. That said, sources of information on RCTs are quite domain-specific and vary significantly between CSISA, input retailers and friends/neighbors. There is evidence from the baseline survey to suggest that while non-adoption is largely driven by insufficient information about several RCTs, disadoption driven by poor yield p erformance and other factors is a non-trivial phenomenon in the CSISA domains.
CIMMYT Ethiopia
The purpose of the study was (1) to assess the economic viability of custom-hire service for ZT in CSISA's target districts in Bihar, the development of ZT service provision businesses over time, and constraints to further business expansion; (2) to assess service providers’ resource endowment, risk exposure, risk preferences, and risk management practices; (3) based on (2), to identify influencing factors of engaging in ZT service provision, including influencing factors of the scale of the service business operation.
CIMMYT Ethiopia
The purpose of the study was (1) to assess the performance of ZT wheat as compared to conventional-tillage wheat in farmers' fields in six CSISA target districts in Bihar; (2) to assess farmers’ resource endowment, risk exposure, risk preferences, and risk management practices; (3) based on (2), to identify influencing factors of farmers' awareness and adoption of ZT in wheat, including social network effects.
CIMMYT Ethiopia
The Eastern Gangetic Plains (EGP) region, characterized by smallholder-dominated farming, is experiencing rapid socio-economic and environmental changes. To enhance resilience, income stability, and food security, smallholders are increasingly diversifying their livelihoods away from traditional agriculture. However, the patterns and drivers of this diversification remain poorly understood. This study, utilizing data from the Rupantar project, aims to elucidate these patterns, identify key drivers, and assess the impacts on productivity, profitability, nutrition, and inclusion. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a baseline survey of 1,400 households across India, Nepal, and Bangladesh and analysis using the Simpson’s Index of Diversity (SID). Fractional regression models revealed moderate diversification levels across the EGP with significant geographical and contextual variability. Key drivers included access to resources, gender, education, market access, and institutional support, with differences observed across countries and diversification types. Factors such as non-ownership of irrigation pumps, female household headship, and engagement in off-farm activities were significant predictors of higher diversification. The study found that diversification can enhance income security, nutritional outcomes, and environmental sustainability, although impacts vary by diversification type. This highlights the need for targeted policies to support effective diversification strategies. By providing insights into the specific drivers and outcomes of diversification, the study informs policymakers and practitioners seeking to bolster rural livelihoods in the EGP, emphasizing the importance of gender, resource access, and institutional support.
CIMMYT Ethiopia
The necessity for differentiated responses arises due to the significant surge in nitrogen fertilizer prices, posing a serious threat to food security. To sustain the production of staple cereals in agricultural systems with varying levels of fertilization, it becomes imperative to explore integrated management strategies encompassing both organic and inorganic nitrogen sources in high- and low-intensity cereal production. According to estimates, adopting such an integrated approach could yield substantial reductions in nitrogen fertilizer usage: by 11% in India, 49% in Ethiopia, and 44% in Malawi. This strategy involves utilizing more cost-effective fertilizers with a high nitrogen content, such as urea, in conjunction with compost and legumes, particularly aimed at optimizing nitrogen utilization in deficient systems. Furthermore, embracing more efficient and targeted nitrogen fertilizer application would prove beneficial for systems with nitrogen surpluses. Geospatially diverse fertilization strategies should prioritize supplying nitrogen-rich fertilizers to low-yielding and nitrogen-deficient regions, while ensuring balanced fertilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients in high-yielding systems.